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Critical Topics and Their Significance for the UPSC CSE Examination on January 11, 2025

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INS Arighaat: India’s second nuclear sub

For Preliminary Examination:  Current events of national and international importance

For Mains Examination: GS III - Science & technology

Context:

Induction of INS Arighaat, India’s second nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine of the Arihant class, significantly boosts India’s nuclear deterrence capabilities, and strengthens its nuclear triad

Read about:

What is INS Arighaat?

India's Nuclear Submarines

Key takeaways:

INS Arighaat is India’s second nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine, reinforcing the nation's maritime strategic deterrence. As a critical element of India's nuclear triad, Arighaat is equipped with advanced technology and indigenously developed missiles, enhancing India's capability to launch nuclear strikes from the sea. The submarine's nuclear propulsion system allows it to remain submerged for extended periods, ensuring stealth and operational superiority. The commissioning of INS Arighaat marks a significant step in India's defense capabilities, showcasing the country's growing expertise in naval and nuclear technologies

INS Arihant

INS Arihant is India's first indigenously built nuclear-powered ballistic missile submarine, serving as a cornerstone of the nation's nuclear triad. Commissioned in 2016, it provides India with the capability to launch nuclear strikes from the sea, significantly enhancing its strategic deterrence. Powered by a pressurized light-water nuclear reactor, INS Arihant can remain submerged for extended durations, ensuring greater stealth and survivability. The submarine is armed with nuclear-capable missiles, such as the K-15, and represents a major milestone in India's naval and defense capabilities, reinforcing its position as a key player in global maritime security

Indian Submarines

• India's submarine fleet is a vital component of its naval power, comprising both nuclear-powered and conventional submarines. The fleet includes advanced nuclear ballistic missile submarines like INS Arihant and INS Arighaat, which form a critical part of India's nuclear triad, ensuring the capability to launch nuclear strikes from the sea. Additionally, India operates 16 conventional submarines, including the Kilo-class (Sindhughosh), Shishumar-class, and Kalvari-class, which provide versatile operational capabilities for defense and deterrence.
• The Kilo-class submarines, acquired from the USSR starting in the mid-1980s, and the Shishumar-class submarines, developed in partnership with Germany, are key assets in India's underwater fleet.
• The Kalvari-class submarines, built domestically in collaboration with France's Naval Group, represent India's growing expertise in submarine construction.
• With ongoing advancements and the construction of new, larger SSBNs, India's submarine force continues to evolve, playing a crucial role in safeguarding the nation's maritime interests and ensuring regional stability

1.Which one of the following is the best description of ‘INS Astradharini’, that was in the news recently? (UPSC 2016)

(a) Amphibious warfare ship
(b) Nuclear-powered submarine 
(c) Torpedo launch and recovery vessel
(d) Nuclear-powered aircraft carrier

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