PRADHAN MANTRI KISAN SAMMAN NIDHI (PM-KISAN)
Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN) is a Central Sector scheme launched by the Government of India on 1 December 2018. The scheme provides income support of Rs. 6,000 per year to all landholding farmer families across the country, to supplement their financial needs for farm expenses.
Objective
The objective of the PM-KISAN scheme is to provide income support to all landholding farmer families across the country to supplement their financial needs for farm expenses. The scheme aims to:
- Increase the income of small and marginal farmers.
- Reduce the burden of debt on farmers.
- Improve the living standards of farmers.
Components
The main component of the PM-KISAN scheme is the provision of income support of Rs. 6,000 per year to all landholding farmer families. The amount is disbursed in three equal instalments of Rs. 2,000 each financial year.
The scheme is implemented through the Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT) system. The amount is transferred directly to the bank accounts of eligible farmers.
Eligibility
To be eligible for the PM-KISAN scheme, a farmer must meet the following criteria:
- Must be an Indian citizen.
- Must own cultivable land (as per land records).
- Must be a member of a farmer's family.
The following categories of beneficiaries of higher economic status shall not be eligible for benefits under the scheme.
- All Institutional Landholders.
- Farmer families which belong to one or more of the following categories:
- Former and present holders of constitutional posts
- Former and present Ministers/ State Ministers and former/present Members of LokSabha/ RajyaSabha/ State Legislative Assemblies/ State Legislative Councils,former and present Mayors of Municipal Corporations, former and present Chairpersons of District Panchayats.
- All serving or retired officers and employees of Central/ State Government Ministries /Offices/Departments and its field units Central or State PSEs and Attached offices /Autonomous Institutions under Government as well as regular employees of the Local Bodies
(Excluding Multi Tasking Staff /Class IV/Group D employees) - All superannuated/retired pensioners whose monthly pension is Rs.10,000/-or more
(Excluding Multi Tasking Staff / Class IV/Group D employees) of above category - All Persons who paid Income Tax in the last assessment year
- Professionals like Doctors, Engineers, Lawyers, Chartered Accountants, and Architects registered with Professional bodies and carrying out their profession by undertaking practices.
Implementation
The implementation of the PM-KISAN scheme is the responsibility of the state governments. The state governments are responsible for identifying and verifying the eligible beneficiaries, and for transferring the amount to their bank accounts.
The scheme has been well-received by farmers across the country. The scheme has helped to improve the income and living standards of small and marginal farmers.
Impact
The PM-KISAN scheme has had a positive impact on the lives of small and marginal farmers across the country. The scheme has helped to:
- Increase the income of small and marginal farmers.
- Reduce the burden of debt on farmers.
- Improve the living standards of farmers.
The scheme has also helped to boost the rural economy. The additional income has been used by farmers to invest in their farms, which has led to increased agricultural production.
3. Central Sponsored Schemes (CSS)
A Central Sponsored Scheme (CSS) is a program in India where the central government bears a part of the expenditure, while the remaining share is borne by the state government. The central government plays a crucial role in designing the policy framework and guidelines, while the state governments are responsible for implementing the scheme within their respective territories.
Key characteristics of CSS
- Shared funding: Central and state governments contribute to the scheme's total cost, typically with the central government bearing a larger portion (often ranging from 50% to 90%).
- Central guidelines: The central government establishes the overall policy framework, objectives, and operational guidelines for the scheme.
- State implementation: State governments are responsible for implementing the scheme on the ground, adapting it to local conditions within the framework set by the centre.
- Joint monitoring: Both central and state governments monitor the implementation of the scheme and track progress towards achieving its objectives.
4. The difference between a central sector scheme and a centrally sponsored scheme
Central Sector Schemes (CSS) and Centrally Sponsored Schemes (CSS) are both types of government initiatives in India, but they differ in their funding mechanisms, control, and implementation.
| Features | Central Sector Scheme | Centrally Sponsored Scheme |
| Funding Source | Central Government only | Central & State Governments (shared) |
| Financial Responsibility | Central Government bears all costs | Shared burden with central government contributing more |
| Control | Central Government has complete control | Central government leads, but state government has implementation role |
| Implementation | Central government agencies or departments | State government executes at ground level |
| Objectives | National priorities and overarching goals | Collaborative effort addressing regional or state-specific needs |
| Flexibility | More adaptable to national priorities | More adaptable to regional or state-specific needs |
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For Prelims: PM-Kishan, Central Sponsored Scheme, Central Sector Scheme, Viksit Bharat Sankalp Yatra
For Mains:
1. Examine the role of state governments in the implementation of PM-KISAN. How can their efforts be enhanced to improve targeting, transparency, and efficiency in fund distribution? (250 Words)
2. Analyze the recent decline in PM-KISAN beneficiaries and the government's efforts to increase enrollment. Discuss the effectiveness of the "saturation drive" and potential strategies for further improvement. (250 Words)
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Previous Year Questions
1. Read the following statements about the 'PM-KISAN' scheme: (Telangana Police SI Mains 2018)
a. The 'Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi' (PM-KISAN) scheme was introduced by the government of India in its interim Budget 2019.
b. The scheme took effect from January 1, 2019.
c. The scheme aims at supplementing the financial needs of marginal and small farmers procuring various inputs to ensure proper farm income.
d. A family comprising of husband, wife and minor children who collectively own cultivable land upto 2 hectares as per land records shall be provided a benefit of Rs. 6,000 per annum per family.
Choose the correct statements:
A. a, c and d only B. b and d only C. a, b and c only D. b, c and d only
Answer: A
2. Which of the following is a centrally sponsored scheme to empower adolescent boys? (SSC JE EE 2018)
A. AKSHAY B. SAKSHAM C. SABLA D. UJJWALA
Answers: 1-A, 2-B
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