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EDITORIAL ANALYSIS: AT DELHI SUMMIT, DEMOSTRATE CLIMATE LEADERSHIP

AT DELHI SUMMIT, DEMONSTRATE CLIMATE LEADERSHIP

Source: The Hindu
 
For Prelims: Energy transition, G20, UN Secretary General’s Climate Ambition Summit, United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change COP28, Renewable energy.
For Mains: Inclusive Governance, Global carbon budget, Decarbonization.
 
Highlights of the article:
Advancing Just Energy Transition
Inclusive Governance Structures
Catalyzing Decarbonization
Enhancing Transparency
 
 
Context
The G-20 summit in New Delhi (September 9-10) is a crucial moment to show leadership ahead of the UN Secretary General’s Climate Ambition Summit and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change COP28. Recently, G-20 members have shown a degree of commitment to shift towards clean energy: renewable energy sources provided 29% of their energy mix in 2021, an increase from 19% in 2010.

 

UPSC EXAM NOTES ANALYSIS:

1. Advancing Just Energy Transitions: The G-20 Imperative

  • Over the past decade, India's remarkable strides have positioned it as the world's third-largest renewable energy producer.
  • With ambitious targets in place to further expand its renewable energy capacity and to achieve 50% of energy production from renewables by 2030, the urgency for governments to drive substantial change has never been greater.
  • The global carbon budget is depleting faster than anticipated, making it imperative for the G-20 countries to take substantial actions that align with this pressing reality.

2. Establishing Inclusive Governance Structures

  • At both the national and local levels, G-20 nations must revamp their governance processes to facilitate equitable and just energy transitions.
  • A key facet involves establishing robust governance structures that foster inclusivity and prevent compartmentalization.
  • Ministries and governmental tiers must delineate their responsibilities and collaborate seamlessly, culminating in comprehensive delivery plans that attract investment.
  • Traditional progress markers, such as job creation and economic growth, should expand to encompass job quality, accessibility, community resilience, and innovation.
  • Taking inspiration from successful models like South Africa's Presidential Climate Commission-led just transition framework, G-20 members should craft their own actionable roadmaps or frameworks.

3. Catalyzing Decarbonization

  • Recognizing the Indian G-20 presidency's acknowledgment, the transition toward renewables must also be perceived as a means to diversify economies, thereby safeguarding long-term stability, livelihoods, and revenue streams.
  • International financial institutions hold a pivotal role in expediting the deployment of renewable energy and grid infrastructure while promoting energy efficiency and low-carbon industrial technologies.
  • The burgeoning demand for green steel, a prime example, necessitates a shift to low-carbon production pathways.
  • By leveraging their collective sway, G-20 nations, which represent the lion's share of global steel production and consumption, can induce considerable progress in global low-carbon steel production.
  • Empowering international financial institutions to invest in developing and emerging economies' green steel transitions will be pivotal.

4. Enhancing Transparency

  • A central G-20 role lies in harmonizing international endeavors for just energy transitions, underscored by enhanced transparency and accountability.
  • This could materialize through disclosure mechanisms for energy transition data via existing platforms like the G-20 Energy Transitions and Sustainable Finance Working Groups and the Just Energy Transition Partnerships (JET-Ps).
  • Additionally, encouraging transparency from fossil-fuel-producing countries about their oil, gas, and coal plans vis-à-vis climate goals is crucial.
  • A collective effort is needed to streamline these processes for mutual benefit and a shared commitment to positive outcomes.
5. G-20 Leadership and Collaborative Action
  • The G-20's stance on international energy transitions needs to be transformative and unified. The recent G-20 Energy Transition Ministers' meeting highlighted the call for "Just, Affordable, and Inclusive Energy Transition Pathways."
  • However, achieving such pathways necessitates resolute and collaborative action by G-20 countries. Their journey towards net-zero ambitions should be competitive yet harmonized, ensuring that all countries and communities advance together.

6. The Imperative G-20 Summit

  • The upcoming G-20 summit in New Delhi presents a pivotal juncture for global leaders to embrace a forceful declaration that commits to shared ambitions in tackling climate change.
  • In light of the increasingly evident ravages of climate change, time is undeniably of the essence.
  • The G-20's role as a unified force for change is indispensable in curbing the looming environmental crisis and securing a sustainable future for all.

7. Conclusion

As the world hurtles towards a critical crossroads in the fight against climate change, the actions of the G-20 countries take on paramount importance. India's commendable progress in renewable energy underscores the potential for transformative change, but the urgency of the situation demands a united and resolute front. The G-20 must heed the call for just energy transitions, underpinned by clear governance structures, accelerated decarbonization, and heightened transparency.

Practice Questions

1. Discuss the Significance of G-20 Nations in Shaping Just Energy Transitions and Combating Climate Change.

2. Elaborate on the Importance of Establishing Inclusive Governance Structures for Effective Energy Transitions.

3. Examine the Role of International Financial Institutions in Catalyzing Decarbonization Efforts, with a Focus on Green Steel Production.

4. How Can Enhanced Transparency and Accountability Among G-20 Countries Foster Just Energy Transitions on a Global Scale?

5. In What Ways Can G-20 Leadership and Collaborative Actions Accelerate the Achievement of Net-Zero Ambitions?

 


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