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General Studies 2 >> International Relations

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Cold-War

Cold-War

 
Context: Russian invasion in Ukraine, US is trying to help Ukraine and proposed to help Financial assistance of 33bn. Russia stopped gas supply to Poland and Bulgaria
Now the situation is resembling the Cold War era because West Europe is with the US while it is standing with Ukraine
 

Important Observations

  • The only basis for Russia as a superpower is not its economy or conventional military capacity but its large nuclear arsenal
  • Ukraine using a clever underdog strategy against Russia that is proceeding on a predictable campaign based on its military power that is overwhelmingly larger than Ukraine's
  • Substantial Military capacity cannot subdue fierce resistance from the invaded territory, Russia should have learnt its lesson in Afghanistan
  • Russia may win some battles and occupy scorched Ukrainian territory, but it cannot win this war even if ends up occupying all of Ukraine 
  • Russia can declare it as a military victory, but it will remain subject to local resistance, strong sanctions and remain a pariah state in the eyes of the West
  • Russia will lose economic ties with Europe, which are central to their economic viability, it will be forced to a subordinate position in alliance with China

Europe Market's dependence on Russian gas and Oil vs Russia's dependence on accessing European

  • Europe's natural gas comes from only three sources: Russia, Norway, Algeria
  • Europe's energy mix comprises Oil (43%), natural gas (24%), nuclear energy (14%), and hydroelectric (4%), with renewables such as wind and solar making up the rest
  • Russia stopped supply of gas to Poland Bulgaria quoting the reason as " failing in paying rubbles"
  • Russia accounted for 40% of Europe gas imports
  • Germany released a statement that " they are ready to stop buying oil from Russia"
  • European countries have been importing energy from Russia but have carefully avoided the banks it uses for making payments 
  • Poland has been a major gateway for supplying hardware to Ukraine and it issued some sanctions
  • Bulgaria, after the new government took office, it has cut many of its oil ties with Moscow
  • These gas cuts do not immediately put the two countries in dire trouble, Russian gas deliveries will anyhow end this year
  • The 27 members of the European Union described Russia's decision as "Blackmail"
  • Russian Economy is heavily dependent on energy exports, deriving 40% of its revenue coming from it, now Russia started gambling with it
  • The most likely the outcome of this Cold war can be dominated by the China and US-NATO, with Russian playing a junior partner role to China

India- Cold War

India has to consider the possibility of new global alliances that could act as a coalition of restraint on the two adversaries in the emerging geopolitical conflict
  • The voting on the UN General Assembly (UNGA) resolution to expel Russia from the UN Human Rights Council would be a start for this
  • If and when the geopolitical conflict gets entrenched, India can take a lead to form a Third Force with others who chose to abstain from the voting in UNGA against Russia
  • This third force can stay away from Military, diplomatic and economic conflict and act as a restraining force on the global conflict
 

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