Introduction:

The introduction of the answer is essential and should be restricted to 3-5 lines. Remember, a one-liner is not a standard introduction

Poverty has conventionally been assessed using income or, when income data is unavailable, expenditure levels. These "poverty lines" represent expenditure thresholds considered low enough to classify individuals as poor.

Multidimensional poverty in India saw a decline from 29.17% in 2013-14 to 11.28% in 2022-23, resulting in approximately 24.82 crore people lifting themselves out of poverty during this period.

At the state level, Uttar Pradesh led the rankings with 5.94 crore individuals rising above the poverty line, followed by Bihar at 3.77 crore and Madhya Pradesh at 2.30 crore.

Body:

It is the central part of the answer and one should understand the demand of the question to provide rich content

Difference between Indian MPI and Global MPI

Internationally, the Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) encompasses 10 indicators across three key domains: (i) health, (ii) education, and (iii) standard of living. Each of these dimensions contributes equally to the final index.

Health indicators in the MPI encompass child and adolescent mortality rates, while educational metrics include years of schooling and attendance. Standard of living considerations involve household-specific factors such as housing quality, possession of household assets, type of cooking fuel, access to sanitation facilities, availability of drinking water, and electricity.

The Indian MPI includes two additional indicators:

(i) Maternal health (within the health dimension) and

(ii) Access to bank accounts (within the standard of living dimension).

This adaptation, as per the NITI Aayog, aims to align the MPI with India's national development priorities.

Conclusion:

The ending of the answer should be on a positive note and it should have a forward-looking approach

Consequently, the MPI value for a specific population represents the proportion of weighted deprivations experienced by multidimensionally poor individuals relative to the total population

Other Points to Consider

What is the basis for this assessment?

How is MPI calculated?