MANUAL FOR DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN (DMP)
- The Disaster Plan is developed based on the Advisory issued by National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) which, under Section 37 of Disaster Management Act, 2005 desires every Ministry/ Department to develop its own disaster plan to counter and be prepared for any emergency arising in future
- Impact of disaster on WASH infrastructure and services, disaster management cycle and activities for disaster-resilient WASH infrastructure construction at all stages, institutional mechanism for disaster preparedness, response, recovery, reconstruction, mitigation at various levels, minimum standards for WASH service delivery during and post-disaster and financial mechanism to fund the integration of disaster-resilience in WASH assets and services
- This disaster management plan includes, Gender-based vulnerabilities, issues concerning Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (SC/ST), elderly, children and people with disabilities
In case of disaster, three kinds of assessment need to be conducted
1. Before the disaster: A Hazard-Vulnerability-Capacity mapping to guide the preparedness activities most needed,
2. During Response: A Rapid Needs Assessment (RNA) which can be completed in a day and point out the immediate needs of the affected population,
3. During Recovery & Reconstruction: A detailed Post-Disaster Needs Assessment (PDNA) which highlights the long-term needs of the community and helps the administration “build back better” the damaged infrastructure and update the service delivery mechanisms to mitigate against future disasters
3. Other Indian efforts towards reducing the risk of disasters
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National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA): The NDMA is the apex body responsible for formulating policies, plans, and guidelines for disaster management in India. It coordinates and implements disaster risk reduction measures across the country.
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State Disaster Management Authorities (SDMAs): Each state in India has its own SDMA, responsible for implementing disaster management measures at the state level and coordinating with the NDMA.
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National Disaster Response Force (NDRF): The NDRF is a specialized force dedicated to disaster response. It is well-trained and equipped to handle various types of disasters and plays a crucial role in search and rescue operations during emergencies.
- Early Warning Systems: India has implemented various early warning systems for cyclones, floods, and tsunamis. These systems help alert communities in advance, allowing them to take necessary precautions and evacuate if needed
A disaster management plan is a document that outlines the steps that will be taken to prepare for, respond to, and recover from a disaster. It should be comprehensive and include all aspects of disaster management, from hazard identification to recovery planning.
Here are the basic components of a disaster management plan:
- Hazard identification – This involves identifying the hazards that your community is most likely to experience. This could include natural hazards such as floods, earthquakes, and hurricanes, or man-made hazards such as fires, explosions, and chemical spills.
- Risk assessment – This involves assessing the likelihood and impact of each hazard. This will help you to prioritize your preparedness efforts and to develop appropriate response and recovery plans.
- Preparedness – This involves taking steps to reduce the risk of a disaster and to prepare for the possibility of one. This could include activities such as developing evacuation plans, stockpiling supplies, and training for emergency response.
- Response – This involves the actions that will be taken during a disaster. This could include activities such as search and rescue, providing first aid, and distributing food and water.
- Recovery – This involves the steps that will be taken to rebuild and recover from a disaster. This could include activities such as repairing infrastructure, providing financial assistance, and restoring services.
- The National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA) is the apex body for disaster management in India.
- It was established in 2005 under the Disaster Management Act, 2005. The NDMA is headed by the Prime Minister of India and is responsible for laying down the policies, plans and guidelines for disaster management in the country
- The NDMA plays a vital role in disaster management in India. It is responsible for coordinating the efforts of all the different agencies and organizations involved in disaster management.
- The NDMA also provides financial assistance to the States for disaster management and helps to promote research and development in the field of disaster management.
- The primary objective of the NDMA is to lay down policies, plans, and guidelines for disaster management and coordinate their implementation at the national level.
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For Prelims: NDMA, Sendai Framework For Mains: 1.Analyze the challenges and opportunities in integrating technology and innovation in disaster management in India. How can emerging technologies like artificial intelligence, drones, and early warning systems enhance disaster preparedness and response? 2.In the context of the recent increase in extreme weather events and disasters in India, critically assess the effectiveness of the existing disaster management framework. What policy changes and institutional reforms are necessary to improve disaster response and recovery? |
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Previous Year Questions
1.Select the correct statement about the Sendai framework (MPSC 2019)
1. This framework is passed by United Nations organisations conference at Sendai (Japan) on 18th March 2015
2. This framework is regarding measures for Disaster Risk Reduction
3. This is an onward step of the Hyogo Framework about disaster management
4. The provisions in this framework are binding on member countries
Select the correct code
A. 1 and 2 B. 2 and 3 C. 1, 2, 3 D. All the above
Answer - C
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