LAL BAHADUR SHASTRI

• He was the second PM of India
• Made call for Green revolution and White revolution which ensured food security and production of milk increased.
• He was only sixteen years old when Mahatma Gandhi called for joining the non-cooperation movement.
• Raised slogan Jai Jawan Jai Kisan (former PM Atal Bihari Vajpayee added to this Jai Vigyan), PM Narendra Modi added to this Jai Anusandhan.
• First person to posthumously awarded Bharat Ratna 1966.
• He was a minister in the Union cabinet from 1951 to 1956 when he resigned taking responsibility for the railway accident.
• Two major challenges the country faced during his Prime Ministerial ship – failed monsoon, drought and war with Pakistan 1965

VEER CHANDRA SIGH GARHWALI

• He was leading Garhwal Regiment and refused to open fire on unarmed Pathans in Peshawar protesting against foreign cloth and goods fighting for freedom of the country under the leadership of Khan Abdul Gaffar Khan.
• Mahatma Gandhi honoured him by giving him the name Garhwali.
• He participated in the Quit India movement in 1942
• In 1994 Government of India issued a postage stamp in his honour.

UTKALMANI GOPABANDHU DAS

• Eminent social reformer from Orissa, the people of Orissa know him as Darida Sakha that is a friend of the poor.
• He was a social worker, freedom fighter, journalist, and literateur.
• He brought out the newspaper Samaj in 1919

ANNIE BESANT

• She joined Indian National Congress, and became President of Congress in 1917.
• She worked for the upliftment and education of the masses.
• She started Central Hindu College which became one of the first colleges of Banaras Hindu University.
• She was awarded the Doctor of Letters degree for her outstanding contribution in the field of promoting education in India.
• She founded the newspaper Commonville in 1914 and bought Madras Standard and named it New India.
• She was converted to Theosophy after meeting Helena Blavatsky in 1889.
• She came to India for the first time in 1893 as part of the Theosophical society
• She was president from 1907-to 1933.
• She launched the All India Home rule league in 1916 along with Bal Gangadhar Tilak, this was the first Indian political party that advocated self-rule
• She tried to remove social evils spread in India like child marriage, and the caste system and advocated for widow remarriage.
• She was president of the Theosophical Society for life.
• She was cremated at Ganga ghat in Banaras.

MUNSHI PREMCHAND

• In 1905 his first story collection Soz e Watan was published in Urdu, these stories contained the voices of rebellion against the British rule.
• His uncle used to call him Nawabai and he published his first story collection under the same name, the British banned his book and copies were burnt, and an order was issued by the collector to restrain him from writing after which he started writing under the name Premchand.
• Participated in the non-cooperation movement.
• Storybooks- Kafan, Lottery, Poos ki Raat, Balidan, Saut, Cricket Match, Boodhi Kaki, Durga Mandir, Duniya ka sabse Anmol Ratan
• Novels- Soz e Watan , Pream, Vardaan, Bazar e Husn, Karmabhoomi, Gaban , Godaan , Bewa ,Premashram.

LOKMANYA TILAK

• Slogan –Swaraj is my birthright- that inspired every Indian.
• He was called the father of Indian unrest by British authorities
• Started two dailies MARATHA DARPAN (English ) and KESARI (Marathi)
• Also published articles on the trial of revolutionaries Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki in his newspaper Kesari.
• Tilak along with N.C Kelkar edited Maratha
• Founder of Deccan Education society 1184 along with associate Gopal Ganesh Agarkar and others
• One of the founders of Fergusson College in Pune through the Deccan education society.
• Joined INC in 1890
• He used Hindu scriptures to arouse people to fight against oppression
• He was part of Lal Bal Pal trio ( Lala Lajpat Rai , Bipin Chandra Pal, Bal Gangadhar Tilak
• His Gita Rahasya was written during his stay in Mandalay jail regarding the interpretation of Shrimad Bhagavad Gita  considered his most prolific work, it has been translated into many languages
• He spent six years in Mandalay jail for defending the actions of revolutionaries Khudiram Bose and Prafulla Chaki.
• Besides Gita Rahasya also wrote Arctic Home of the Vedas
• Started Ganesh Utsav and Shivaji Utsav in Maharashtra to complete the program of public awareness the purpose of these festivals is to instil patriotism and courage in the people.
• SURAT SPLIT reasons-
• BETWEEN Moderates and Extremists, Extremists wanted Tilak or Lajpat Rai to be president finally Rash Bihari Ghose was appointed as president.
• While Extremist wanted to end tyranny rule of the British through protest, Moderates were aimed at administrative and constitutional reforms
• All India Home Rule League was founded by Tilak in 1916 at Belgaum, it worked in Maharashtra (except Bombay), Central province, Karnataka, and Berar.
• Lucknow pact 1916 between the INC headed by Tilak and All India Muslim League led by Muhammad Ali Jinnah for Hindu Muslim unity in the nationalist struggle.