1. Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

• The values of final goods and services produced in each sector during a particular year provide the total production of the sector of the year. 
• The sum of the production of the three sectors gives what is called the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). 
• GDP is the value produced by final goods and services in that particular year. It helps how big of the economy is ours. 
•  The task of measuring GDP has been taken by the Central Ministry, with the help of various government agencies of all Indian states and Union Territories collects information relating to the total volume of goods and services and the price then estimates GDP. 

2. Important Points for the Rise of the Services Sector

• Over the 40 years between 1973-74 and 2013-14, production in all the sectors has increased but most in the tertiary sector
• 2013-14, the tertiary sector has emerged as the largest producing sector in India replacing the primary sector
• Development of agriculture and industry leads to the development of services such as transport, trade, shortage,
• The greater the development of the primary and secondary sectors, the more the demand for the services in the sector
• When income level rises, certain sections of the people start demanding many more services like eating out, tourism, shopping, private hospitals, private schools etc. You can see many service changes in a city
• Information and communication technology have increased rapidly and they have become more essential
• Though Industrial output or the production of goods went up by more than 9 times during the period, employment went up around 3 times. While production in the service sector rose to 14 times and employment rose to 5 times

3. Right to work

The central government in India made a law implementing the Right to Work in 625 districts in India It is called Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act 2005 (MGNREGA)

MGNREGA

• Under the 2005 act, a hundred days of guaranteed wage employment must be provided each financial year to every rural household whose adult members volunteer to do unskilled manual work.
• Under the Act, the Central government and State governments are supposed to meet the cost of wages three-fourths and one-fourth of the material cost of the scheme and a percentage of the administrative costs respectively.
• The Act provides for an unemployment allowance for those persons who were not given work despite an application seeking employment, payable within 15 days of the application. Wage payment delays have to be compensated for. 

Women in MGNREGs

• Data shared by the Ministry from 2018 onwards showed that almost 54 per cent of workers under the scheme were women.
•  Nearly 52.6 per cent of person-days were generated by women in the current financial year. 
• There was a wide gap between the job cards issued and actual employment provided to households. 
•  From 2021-22, until November 2021, 1,558.44 lakh job cards were issued but less than 50 per cent, or 605.60 lakh households, were provided work. 

4. Organised Sector

• The organized sector covers those enterprises or places of work in which terms of employment are regular which means work is assured for sure. 
• They will be registered under the government and follow the rules and laws like the Factories Act, Minimum Wages Act, Payment Guarantee Act, and Shops and Establishments Act. 
• It is called organized because it follows certain processes and procedures. 
• Workers in the organized sector enjoy employment security and work only for a fixed number of hours. If they work more they will get paid for the overtime by the employer. 
• They get several other benefits from the employer like paid leave, payment during holidays, provident fund, and gratuity. 
• The factory manager has to ensure facilities like drinking water and a safe working environment, when they retire they get pensions as well. 

5. Unorganised Sector

• These are small and situated in a lot of different places largely outside the ambit of the Government. 
• Most of them don’t follow rules and regulations and the jobs are here less paid and mostly not regular.
• There will not be overtime provision, paid leave, leave for health.
• They can be removed without proper reasons.
• This sector employs a large section of the people, who have small businesses that employ people according to their whims and requirements.
• Since 1990, it has been common to lose a job in an organized sector, they are forced to take up jobs in an unorganized sector with low pay.

6. Public and Private Sectors

Public Sector

The government owns most of the enterprise and provides services. Examples: Railways and Post Office.  The purpose of the public sector is not just only earn profits, it is one of them but not the only one. 

Private Sector

• Ownership of assets and service delivery is in the hands of private individuals or companies. Example: Reliance Pvt Ltd. 
• The government raises money through taxes and other ways to meet expenses on the services rendered by it
• The people in society need several things, so modern-day governments spend a lot on these things. Examples: Construction of roads, bridges, railways, harbours. 
• There are some activities which the private sector cannot do unless it gets support from the government. Example: Electricity.