The rise in the average global temperature since 1850, by at least 1.1 degrees Celsius, has significantly impacted extreme weather events worldwide. 

• Increased Frequency and Intensity: The warming climate has led to more frequent and intense extreme weather events such as heat waves, droughts, floods, hurricanes, and wildfires. This is primarily due to the unprecedented emission of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere from human activities.
• Heat Waves: Climate change has amplified heat waves globally. For instance, a study following a deadly 2019 heatwave in Western Europe revealed that climate change made such extreme heat events five times more likely. In India, the duration and intensity of heatwaves have also increased, leading to significant health risks and agricultural impacts.
• Droughts: Rising temperatures have exacerbated drought conditions in various regions. East Africa, for example, experienced its worst drought in 40 years between 2020 and 2022. Climate change made this severe drought at least 100 times more likely, according to a report by World Weather Attribution (WWA).
• Wildfires: Extreme heat and dry conditions increase the likelihood and severity of wildfires. Climate change has extended the wildfire season and created more conducive conditions for wildfires by reducing moisture in vegetation. Regions like Eastern Canada have experienced heightened "fire weather" conditions due to climate change, leading to increased wildfire risks.
• Floods: Warmer temperatures cause increased evaporation of water from land and oceans, leading to a warmer and moisture-laden atmosphere. This intensifies precipitation during storms, resulting in more severe and frequent flooding events. The atmosphere's ability to hold around 7% more moisture for every 1-degree Celsius increase in temperature contributes to heavier rainfall and subsequent flooding.
• Sea Level Rise: Climate change has also contributed to rising sea levels due to thermal expansion and melting glaciers. This has increased the vulnerability of coastal areas to storm surges and flooding during extreme weather events like hurricanes and cyclones.