UPSC MAINS ESSENTIALS
| Exclusive for Subscribers Daily: Impact of La Niña on Global Weather Patterns and Climate Predictions and Water Availability Challenges and Solutions in India for the UPSC Exam? Discover more insights in the UPSC Exam Notes for December 14, 2024 |
UPSC Exam Notes presents a dedicated initiative to help you excel in Mains answer writing practice. This program covers both static and dynamic components of the UPSC Civil Services syllabus across various General Studies (GS) papers. Each session is crafted to provide valuable insights and techniques to improve your answer-writing skills, aiming to enrich your preparation for the UPSC CSE Mains. Start with today’s answer-writing exercise based on GS-1 topics to evaluate and track your progress.
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UPSC Exam Notes offers guidance on structuring Mains answers effectively to maximize your score and presentation.
Introduction
- Begin your answer with a concise introduction of 3-5 lines. Avoid one-liner introductions as they often lack context.
- Start by providing basic information, definitions, or key facts from trusted sources to set the foundation for your answer.
Body
- This is the core of your answer. Analyze the question carefully to understand its requirements and address each aspect fully.
- Use a mix of points and short paragraphs for clarity. Avoid long paragraphs or purely point-based responses, as balanced formatting enhances readability.
- Incorporate data from reliable sources, such as government publications, to strengthen your arguments and make your answer more credible.
- Analyze based on the question’s demand, but avoid over-analysis, which may dilute the answer’s impact.
- Highlight key terms by underlining, helping your response stand out and improving its presentation.
- Use flowcharts or tree diagrams where relevant to organize information efficiently, saving time and boosting clarity. These should be applied thoughtfully and only when they add real value.
Way Forward/Conclusion
- Conclude on a positive, forward-looking note. Highlight potential solutions or the broader implications of your analysis.
- If an unresolved issue is crucial to the topic, briefly mention it, but avoid repeating points from the introduction or body.
- Where applicable, reference findings from relevant national or international reports, surveys, or quotations to add weight to your conclusion.
Self-Evaluation
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Model Answer (Approach Outline): This is not a definitive model answer but an approach to tackling the question effectively. |
Introduction:
La Niña, meaning “Little Girl” in Spanish, is sometimes referred to as El Viejo, the opposite of El Niño, or simply as "a cold event." It has an effect opposite to that of El Niño. During La Niña episodes, trade winds strengthen, pushing more warm water towards Asia. This causes upwelling off the west coast of the Americas, bringing cold, nutrient-rich water to the surface.
The colder Pacific waters push the jet stream northward, often leading to dryness in the southern United States and heavy rainfall or flooding in the Pacific Northwest and Canada. In a La Niña, winter temperatures tend to be warmer in the south and cooler in the north. La Niña may also lead to a more intense hurricane season.
Body:
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According to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), as of December 9, sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean were slightly below average. The La Niña “watch” phase continued in November and early December, resulting in conditions categorized as ENSO-neutral.
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Recently, the Oceanic Nino Index (ONI) in the Nino 3.4 region, one of the primary locations used to track ENSO phases, was recorded at -0.3°C.
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