Introduction:
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Mangroves are salt-tolerant trees and shrubs that flourish in estuarine and intertidal zones where saltwater and freshwater mix. These plants are characterized by aerial roots, waxy succulent leaves, and distinctive flowering patterns.
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The seedlings of mangroves, known as propagules, begin to germinate while still attached to the parent tree and later drop into the water, where they establish as new mangrove plants.
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Examples of common mangrove species include the red mangrove, Avicennia marina, grey mangrove, and Rhizophora. The Sundarbans, spanning India and Bangladesh, is the largest continuous mangro